Violence in the Media is Not to Blame for the Effect on...

The Effect of Violence in the Media on Children Television, movies, and video games are a big part of children’s lives in today’s technologically advanced society. However, there is a big controversy questioning the effects of these media outlets on children. Much of society claims to have proof for the belief that media violence affects children negatively. However, I am skeptical of the evidence that is stated to prove that claim. I feel that society has placed the blame on these mediums for the violent acts, however serious or trivial, that children commit way too easily, before they even begin to examine the parenting of today’s society. Television, movies, and video games are not the primary causes for acts of violence and†¦show more content†¦Many children are spending most of their time in front of a television screen or in front of a video game and who knows how many acts of murders or violent crimes an average kid witnessed even before the age of 12. My question is what does seeing these images actually do to a kid. Many people seem to think that seeing these images will make the child more aggressive and make them more violent. But, that doesn’t mean that the kid will go out and murder someone. Some people think so because they believe that what kid’s see on television will want to make a kid hurt someone else. Often when a kid commits a violent crime, the blame goes to television or movies or video games. I think this happens because they are a source of violence and many people believe that media violence will cause real life violence. They also blame these sources of media because it s eems to be the easiest thing to blame it on. When people are shocked by a crime committed by a kid, such as the one recently committed in Chicago, where the two boys raped and killed a little girl for no apparent reason, they want an excuse for why it happened. When one can’t be found, they are quick to blame it on the violent television shows or the video game with the most blood in it. My belief is that people will single out violence on television, movies, and video games as an explanation for kidsShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Media On Young Children, Teenagers, And Adults1297 Words   |  6 Pagesoutraged by violence in the media. Whether in video games, books, radio, music, or television, there is always someone or something to blame for the violence. Violence is everywhere in the media , there is no disagreeing with that. Whether it be movies, television, video games, or music, there will always be violence, but blaming it on movies, television, video games, or music is not the answer. If blame needs to be placed why are the parent of the children who choose to commit acts of violence not Read MoreViolence in the Media in Richard Rhodes Hollow Claims about Fantasy Violence1289 Words   |  5 Pagesabout Fantasy Violence† expresses that the media’s portrayal of violence has no influence on those that view it. One of the first tactics that Rhodes used was by attacking the flaws of Organizations who blamed entertainment for the issues of violent behaviors. He claims that due to increased social control over the years has caused a decline in violence. Rhodes’ used thought-provoking tactics attempting to disprove that violence is influenced from the media instead he believes that violence is stemmedRead MoreViolence in Television, Movies, and Video Games Should Not Be Censored1653 Words   |  7 PagesVIOLENCE IN TELEVISION, MOVIES, AND VIDEO GAMES SHOULD NOT BE CENSORED Television, movies, and video games have a great influence on the minds of todays youth. But, what exactly are the effects of such an influence? Certain people have exaggerated the effects that these media have on todays youth. Many people, including government officials, have singled out these three media sources as the cause of some types of violence simply because it is an easy target for laying the blame. The truth isRead MoreMedia Violence and Its Effect on Children Essay1112 Words   |  5 Pagessociety that violence in the country is on the rise. It is easy to see why this is a strong argument among the American people, especially because of the rising popularity of violent video games and television programs. However, as these violent video games and television shows are creating their own place in our society, the reports of violence among children are escalating. This correlation has been studied extensively in the scientific community in an attempt to discover whether med ia violence does negativelyRead MoreYouth Violence: Is the Media to Blame?1514 Words   |  7 PagesYouth Violence: Is the Media to Blame? COM/156 07/27/13 Mallory Dunkley Youth Violence: Is the Media to Blame? Not all children who watch violent programming get in trouble with the law; some feel that there is a strong direct link between the two. There is a good deal of compelling data that suggests that there is a direct link between the media and youth violence. Throughout our history, the media has and can influence people in different ways but the more obvious questionRead MoreTelevision Is Destroying Todays Youth, but Dont Blame T.V., Blame the Parents.1302 Words   |  6 Pagesentertainment. As society has changed, violence and sexual content have been added ever so increasingly over the years. After all, isnt that what makes T.V. shows interesting? Isnt that why we all want to go see that new movie that came out which is rated R instead of that movie rated PG? Although this violence and sexual content on television and in movies is having devastating effects on Americas youth, you cannot blame television. Instead, we must blame our parents. So many parents theseRead MoreThe M edia is not to Blame for the Violence in Society Essay698 Words   |  3 PagesThe Media is not to Blame for the Violence in Society People are quick to blame violence in our society on television, movies or video games because they are simple believable targets. We have to look beyond this disinformation and attack the real causes for the violence in our society. Violence in television programs, movies, or video games will not make a person kill someone else. People watch violent images all the time, and only a very small percent of them actually commit violent crimesRead MoreThe Effect of Violence in the Media on the Minds of Adolescents1539 Words   |  6 Pagesoriginated in the media today, but we don’t turn and blame ourselves, we blame the media they cultured it from. Why? As parents it’s our responsibility to filter what our children are exposed to. The media doesn’t force the violence on the young children, but they are setting standards for what children may think is ordinary behavior or language. (Felson) Violence is found in almost everything anymore, regardless of the movie, show or video games. There is some type of violence involved, and it’sRead MoreMedia Effects On The Media Essay1273 Words   |  6 Pagesby the media whether we think we are or not. Theorists believe that too much media exposure can lead to knowledge, attitudes or behavioural changes within a society, this is called ‘media effects’ (Kuehn, â€Å"Media Effects†). These media effects consists of several Paradigms, a Paradigm is described as â€Å"a typical pattern or model† (Kuehn, â€Å"Media Effects†). The Paradigms this essay will consist of are called the ‘New Effects Paradigm’ and the ‘Powerful Effects Paradigm’. The New Effects ParadigmRead MoreVideo Games and Violence Speech884 Words   |  4 PagesB.Z. Smith AP Lang 1 Feb. 2013 Videogames and Violence In today’s society, the vast majority of adolescents spend their free time indoors. Many of those hours are enjoyed playing video games, a habit which teenagers will never hear the end of from their parents. â€Å"These games will ruin you†, they say, â€Å"It makes you angry and violent†, they say, but does it really? Media often portrays videogames as detrimental to mental health, and this topic is especially scrutinized today because of the

Effects Of Washington s Decision For France During Its...

Natalie Wynn Pamela Yates American History I 19 October 2014 The Effect of Washington’s Decision not to Help France During its Revolution The French Revolution had an immense impact on the way America operated. A once unbreakable bond between the two countries became severed by France’s intentions of altering political and social matters. With this in mind, Washington had to consider the way this would affect America’s impending future and he had to make sure the situation was handled properly. Quite a few effects resulted from this incident and they have altered America’s history forever. During America’s fight for liberty, the French were known as its right-hand man. Support from the French was always given regardless of how dangerous†¦show more content†¦The decision to refrain from interfering with the French was quite the act to execute, but more severe consequences were sure to follow. Howard Zinn claims â€Å"enthusiasm for the war was not strong† (77). Washington believed the fragility of the country proved that it was not quite ready to interfere in a military conflict. But what spurred the thought in which Washington decided to abstain from aiding the French? There appears to be more than what meets the eye when this topic is observed more closely thus several factors contributed to Washington’s final verdict. The talk of widespread political change led to Americans providing their eager attitude to the situation at hand. The Franco-American partnership was believed to strengthen with the assistance of democratic reforms if the plan followed through. Although this seems to be a positive outcome, there were several other detrimental issues that would follow the aftermath of this political alteration. Along with political modifications, social changes also accompanied this series of events, which quickly led to an outbreak of political strife. For instance, Americans constantly argued over how the French already had issues regarding political parties. This led to high ranking politicians forming pro-British and pro-French sides, which was a concerning topic among the society of America. This affected the American society directly by twisting the social and political views of the public. The combination of

Rites of Passage - 1170 Words

Rites of Passage Robert Fitzgerald’s translation of Homer’s classic, The Odyssey, is an enchanting tale, which can be examined using the Gaines novel A Lesson Before Dying, and â€Å"On The Rainy River†. There are many similarities between these three books but the transformation to adulthood is a theme that reigns supreme in all three works. In The Odyssey Telemakhos’ transition from a boy to a man can be marked by the following events; a separation, trials of strength, a metaphorical death, guidance from a wise individual, and the full transformation into a man. In the beginning of The Odyssey, there is a separation between Telemakhos, Prince of Ithaca, and his kingdom, which is evident when he sits separate from the suitors. This†¦show more content†¦Telemakhos journey, which can be seen as a death, is not really a death but just another stage of his growth. His time at sea is comparable to a caterpillar in his silk cocoon, in which he grows. In this case Telemakhos grows not physically but mentally and emotionally. He gains confidence in himself, which is evident through his speech when he is addressing Nestor. In each of the three works we see that the main character is guided by a person, either human or god. In the Odyssey, the god of war Athena guides Telemakhos. She helps Telemakhos with both her supernatural powers and her wisdom. Athena is the one who convinced Telemakhos to set out and look for news of his father. It also seems to me that Athena serves as a father figure to Telemakhos. Telemakhos has been without a father all his life and although she is a woman she appears to him in the form of a man. He receives advice from Athena on how to lead and how to present himself, all things that fathers teach to their sons. Also, there seems to be closeness between that two. They are comfortable speaking to each other and Telemakhos is not intimidated by her divinity. In On The Rainy River, the grounds keeper at the Tip Top Lodge guides Tim. Although their relationship is not a strong one, he helps push Tim to make a decision. The same is also true in A Lesson Before Dying; Grant helps Jefferson to become a man by teaching himShow MoreRelatedEssay on Rites of Passage1580 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Rites of Passage Although there are many different types of rites of passage they differ in many ways, some much more extreme than the others. There are so many different cultures that have a ton of different ways of expressing rites of passage. The three different cultures that will be discussed are the United States of America, Malaysian, and Balinese adolescents. Some of the things that will be discussed are the different forms of rites of passage, the different ages thatRead More Rites of Passage Essay1204 Words   |  5 PagesRites of Passage Every day someone enters into a rite of passage whether it be by starting school, a new job, marriage, a confirmation or communion rites of passage are common place. Two totally different cultures have totally different rituals and rites of passage. The Apache would most definitely have incredibly unique rituals compared to rural Maine and the catholic cultures therein. The best way to see the differences is to compare the two different cultures. Each ritual occurs in a holyRead MoreValuables Traditions: Rites of passage 624 Words   |  2 Pagescultures have rites of passage that evolve over time, and these have become harmful to their culture and society. After establishing the difference between helpful and harmful rites of passage, it will be easy to see why they need to be changed. Once these factors have been analyzed, it will be obvious that rites of passage are culturally important, but those that have crossed the line of appropriateness should be modified to restore the benefits of these valuable traditions. Rites of passage that inspireRead MoreRites Of Passage Of The Native Societies2492 Words   |  10 PagesCultures from countries of all around the world understood the importance of the transitional mark of adolescence to manhood. Rites of passage in some cultures are significant in which males are recognized as men after undergoing certain procedures and are conveyed differently; thus it helps them identify who they are in their family and their positions in their societies, as well as what the corresponding responsibilities are. Throughout the human history, there have been a diversity of male initiationRead MoreWomen s Rites Of Passage1791 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Every culture in the world has rites of passage. Whether it be death and dying, birth or a transition from puberty to adulthood, every culture has certain rituals they use to christen these changes in social status within a society. A rite of passage is symbolic in how important a change is in the lives of the people who experience them. Status changes such as these are very important in the eyes of their culture and the ceremonies they produce help them retain stability while theirRead MoreRites Of Passage, Right Or Wrong1720 Words   |  7 PagesRites of Passage, â€Å"Right or Wrong†? Throughout history the term â€Å"rights of passage† has been used to describe the transition of a person into a new stage of their lives. Rites of passage are relevant in every day life all over the world. Most prominently though, Africa has a large population of people whose groups still practice traditional rites of passage to mark special life achievements. Basically, anything meaningful that happens within their tribe such as the birth of a child, the entranceRead MoreRites of Passage: The Journey to Adulthood1126 Words   |  5 PagesRites of Passage: The Journey to Adulthood The dictionary defines rites of passage as ceremonies that mark important transitional periods in a person’s life. It usually involves rituals and teachings that help shed their old roles and prepares them for their new roles. Although all boys and girls will go through a rite of passage to be considered an adult, the path they will take will differ greatly. The common point I have found them all to have is the age range at which this usually occursRead MoreThe Rites of Passage and Liminality Essay1016 Words   |  5 PagesThe Rites of Passage and Liminality Originally developed by anthropologist Arnold van Gennep in the early 20th century in his book Rites de Passage, the term liminality refers to the concept in which participants are in the threshold stage of disorientation and suspension from the previous social norm that they were used to. When an individual goes through a rite of passage—also coined by van Gennep—he is cut off from his â€Å"old life† and is born again into a new person. However, before he can fullyRead MoreThe Sunrise Dance : A Rite Of Passage834 Words   |  4 PagesMai Quach Professor Dalia Sirkin English 1B 16 November 2016 Research paper: The Sunrise Dance A rite of passage is a ritual, a ceremony, or set of rituals. People from around the world celebrate birth ceremonies, puberty ceremonies, marriage ceremonies, or death ceremonies, as part of their culture. These ceremonies mark the transition of people’s lives when they move from one stage to another. In Apache tradition, when a girl has her first menstruation, her parents and her relatives prepare forRead MoreRites Of Passage, By Arnold Van Gennep1547 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Rites of passage are rituals or events which are universally conducted for a variety of cultural, religious and social reasons. Grounded in everyday life, ritual is symbolic and emotional providing a transition of knowledge, behaviour and status, as Audrey Richards’s wrote, ’the use of symbols in ritual secures some kind of emotional compromise which satisfies the majority of individuals who compose a society and which supports its major institutions’ . These rites of passage, rituals or

British Sovereignty free essay sample

A ; Europe Essay, Research Paper How has British Sovereignty been compromised by rank of the European Union? The word sovereignty itself means the legitimate location of power of last resort over any community. It may be defined strictly in legal footings as the power to do binding Torahs which no other organic structure can interrupt. It may be viewed as the independent power of a community to regulate itself, a territorial construct associating to the powers of independent state provinces. A.V. Dicey defined British Parliamentary Sovereignty in 1885 as Parliament has the right to do or undo any jurisprudence whatsoever, and that no individual or organic structure is recognised by the jurisprudence of England as holding the right to overrule or put aside the statute law of Parliament. This has frequently stood out as the anchor of the British Constitution and Hood Philips, a 20th century constitutional attorney called it the one cardinal regulation of the British Fundamental law Parliamentary sovereignty was efficaciously negated in 1973 when Britain joined the European Union which has injected a whole new judicial dimension into the fundamental law of Britain. We will write a custom essay sample on British Sovereignty or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This meant that the British parliament lost legal and legislative sovereignty both de jure and de facto ( both in theory and practise ) in countries where European jurisprudence took precedency. The loss of sovereignty seems to hold increased since 1973 with the turning range of European intercession and with the reforms of the vote processs. One of the key reforms was the alteration from consentaneous vote in the Council of Ministers so any one state could blackball any policy, to Qualified Majority Voting, under the Single European Act 1986. For illustration, in 1993 Britain was over ruled on the rule of a 48-hour working hebdomad. Britain held a national referendum on go oning rank of the so EC in 1975. This was simply consultative technically and so in theory Parliaments sovereignty was non affected. Parliament could non disregard the consequences and so Parliaments freedom to go forth the EU at any clip it pleased became hard and improbable. This may hold a good consequence nevertheless as the EU Torahs can non be ignored and so this helps to cut down the hazard of a elected absolutism or individual party bulk within a autonomous parliament, e.g. coercing the authorities to reform pensions jurisprudence and rights for portion clip workers. Under the footings of rank of the European Union if there is a struggle between commissariats of the European jurisprudence and United Kingdom jurisprudence so the European Law is to predominate. So Britain has basically lost its ability to make its ain Torahs. The 1972 European Communities Act stated that any difference over the reading of Community pacts, and the Torahs under them was to be treated as a affair of jurisprudence. Under the commissariats of the Treaty of Rome instances which reach the highest domestic tribunal of entreaty ( House of Lords ) must be referred to the European Court of Justice for a concluding opinion. There is besides no entreaty against the ECJ and the tribunals powers have farther been extended by the Maastrict pact. So the consequence of rank of the EU has hence been to give a new function to the British tribunals and to present a new dimension in the signifier of the ECJ. The tribunals have nevertheless enjoyed a more powerful place and this new place was shown by the Factortame instance. In 1993 the so Tocopherol uropean Communities Community introduced new fishing quotas in order to forestall overfishing in European Waterss. But Britain decided to set a halt to a practise known as quota skiping where by angling quotas were plundered by vass winging the British flag but which had no echt nexus with Britain. Under the Merchant ship act 1988 vass registered as British had to fulfill conditions of nationality, abode and legal residence. Factortame Ltd. and other companies owned 95 fishing vass which failed to fulfill one or more of the conditions as they were managed or controlled from Spain or by Spanish subjects. They challenged the legality of the 1988 Act on the evidences that it contravened European Law. The instance reached the highest tribunal of entreaty, the House of Lords which ruled in 1990 that if the cogency of British legislative act is to be challenged by the European Court, the balance may forestall the authorities implementing legislative act pending the European Court s determi nation, even if that is contrary to the involvements of British citizens. In 1991 the European Court of Justice ruled that the conditions laid down by statute law for the enrollment of fishing vass must follow with community jurisprudence. Commissariats in the 1988 Act were seen discriminatory and contrary to article 52 of the EEC pact. The opinion of the Factortame instance struck at the rule of British Parliamentary Sovereignty. The E.C.J. in consequence said that the British tribunals did hold the power to put aside Acts passed by Parliament. This power was inexplicit in footings of rank accepted by Britain, but it was now being made explicit. The 1997 Amsterdam Treaty added a new employment chapter and provided a base for the gradual debut of many other common policies. More restrictions were hence being put on British sovereignty. Britain appears to hold lost much control over many countries of economic policy such as agribusiness, duties and trade. With power being diverted from place curates to foreign curates. This means a big proportion of new statute law comes from the EU, around 60 % in all. The EU besides would look to hold a clear influence on the Prime Minister as at the 1998 European Council acme Tony Blair moved clearly to the left on issues of increased disbursement for occupations and growing and on common defense mechanism, foreign and security policies. In decision it is clear that rank of the European Union has effected one of the principle elements of the British fundamental law, the rule of parliamentary sovereignty which has been challenged and slightly overrun by the new dimensions created by rank. It is clear that now there is a shifting of the balance of power off from Britain and a dependable index is the fact that many British force per unit area groups such as the National Farmers Union are now based in Brussels. Besides many British governments now have offices in Brussels in order to keep contacts. If Britain had non joined the EU it would hold been left behind the other major powers in Europe as it had to fall in the common market in order to remain in touch economically. Britain may besides hold a absolutism manner authorities without the restraints of the EU, and EU jurisprudence has protected some civil autonomies against British jurisprudence such retirement ages and employment rights. British sovereignty has been compromised but a better more stiff system has been put in its topographic point.

Equity Markets or Stock Valuation-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: You are required to find an article with respect to either one of the following issues below and analyze the relevance of the news item to the issues indicated below. The selected article should be current, i.e. from May 2017 onwards. a .Bond issue or rating agencies b. Financial statements c. Equity markets or stock valuation d. Capital budgeting of a business entity Answer: Introduction The discussion deals with the Equity market and stock valuation. The equity market refers to the market in which shares are issued and traded. The transactions are made either through exchanges or through other decentralized modes. The equity market or stock market allows the investors to get the ownership of companies with a potentiality to realize future gains and the companies access to capital (Chen and Tindall 2016). It is platform where the buyers and sellers interact to trade the securities that are listed in the exchange or privately transacted. The companies in order to accumulate capital sell off their shares or stocks in the market; each of the stock represents ownership of the company (Kopczuk 2015). Thus if the company earns a profit the investors can also get a part of it. In this case, a huge risk involved with the investors if the company suffers a loss. The more the demand for stocks of a particular company higher is the price of its shares. Article review The stock prizes for companies can influence an economy. Rise in the stock prizes indicates a healthy growing economy, similarly if trend of the stocks are downward then it indicates a weak economy or recession (Eaton et al. 2016). The present discussion deals with various financial issues with respect to rise and fall stock prize. The article chosen titled US stocks suffer worst fall in 6 years, published by financial times reporters on sixth of February 2018.The article highlights on the worst fall in the US stock market in comparison to the performance in the last six years. On sixth of February, the stock market witnessed a rapid selling of securities showing decline in the values of the same, this erased the profits of the market of the whole year. The sudden supply of the shares from the investors side raised a suspicion. The stock market index Dow-Jones Industrial Average in ten minutes shed more than 800 points. This fall can be marked as second highest in the whole decade. The Leuthold investment management strategist Jim Paulsen commented that this rapid sell-off may be due to automatic quantitative trade or a specific company or person can be blamed. By the end of the day, the SP-500 index was at 2648.94 that is 4.1% fall. This was the worst fall since august 2011.The Doq index fell to 175 points and Nasaq index fell to 6967.The bench mark indices of the countries fell tremendously, the Japan benchmark Topix fell 6.3%, South Koreas index kopsi composite fell 2.6% ,the Australian market ASX 200 also witnessed a fall down of 3.7%. The article also mentions that the Vix volatility Index known as the Wall Street fear gauge on that day reached its peak hit that is 37.32. Last until it had reached its highest when the Chinese currency devaluated in august 2015 (Chan 2015). This also exceeded the levels reached during the Greek debt crisis of 2015(Wickens 2017). The investors, who had expected that the market would remain calm and had a bet on it, suffered a huge loss. The exchange-traded fund named the pro shares suffered a huge loss of 32%, the Velocity Shares Short Vix also lost by 14.3%. Michael Arone, the chief investment strategist at state street global advisor, stated that the decline of the share values is a result of rapid rise in interest rates and inflation anticipation (Gal 2015). He was surprised to see this sudden continuous sale of securities. On raising the question whether this fall in the equity market affect on a long would term basis, to Donald Trumps deputy press secretary Raj Shah, he remarked that, these fluctuations do not have a short-term effect. The fundamental of the economy being strong, the situation can be made stable soon. The co chief investment officer of Bridgewater associates has also added that it was a phenomenon of classic late cycle behavior. There has been an increase in the pressure in the bond market as the banks have been relaxing the monetary policy. After the incident, it can be anticipated the Federal Reserve could again strengthen monetary policy more aggressively. The US deficit is also expected to rise, due to increase in tax cuts and rise in government borrowings the stock market has hit. The global share market has been terribly moved, there has been a panic within the shareholders who has been selling of their securities, raising the terror in the market. David Kelly, chief global strategist at JPMorgan asset management informed that the reason for this is not due to the rise in the interest rates (Maioand and Santa-Clara 2017). He pointed out an explanation to this; he said that this could be due to overdue of the correction of the share and the bond markets. He also expects the following week to be uneven for the stock market, but there is still a big doubt in the consequence. The Big Euro Zone markets are confirmed to run in negative for the year. Relevance with the chosen topic Many factors that can influence the stock market factors like overpricing of stocks rise in the interest rates fraudulent activities and Federal Reserve policies (Bernanke 2017). In the above discussion, a situation of a share market crash has been highlighted. Rapid sale in the market, the sellers are normally frightened for an unexpected economic event or crisis. This crash may affect the economy and individual customers (Sornette 2017). The stock market is not a real economy; the share market may encounter changes in the share prices due to many reasons such as correction of overvaluation and change in the interests rates. The chosen article focuses on the issue of sudden fall in the value of the shares of the US stock market. The economy may suffer from recession if the market continuously suffers from such fall (Farmer 2015). Conclusion The US stock market has faced a terrible fall in these security prices recently on 6th of February 2018. There was a sudden fall in the market making the economy weak. There are many factors like bank rates, inflations, deflation, economic and political regulations that can affect the security prices. A proper business plan and cautious investment decision may help to avoid the consequence. Reference and Bibliography Bernanke, B.S., 2017. Federal reserve policy in an international context.IMF Economic Review,65(1), pp.5-36. Chan, A., 2015. Chinas currency devaluation increases uncertainty, Economics: Asian Perspectives. Chen, J. and Tindall, M.L., 2016. Constructing Equity MarketNeutral VIX Portfolios with Dynamic CAPM.The Journal of Alternative Investments,19(2), pp.70-87. Eaton, J., Kortum, S., Neiman, B. and Romalis, J., 2016. Trade and the global recession.American Economic Review,106(11), pp.3401-38. Farmer, R.E., 2015. The stock market crash really did cause the great recession.Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics,77(5), pp.617-633. Gal, J., 2015.Monetary policy, inflation, and the business cycle: an introduction to the new Keynesian framework and its applications. Princeton University Press. Kopczuk, W., 2015. What do we know about the evolution of top wealth shares in the United States.Journal of Economic Perspectives,29(1), pp.47-66. Maio, P. and Santa-Clara, P., 2017. Short-term interest rates and stock market anomalies.Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,52(3), pp.927-961. Sornette, D., 2017.Why stock markets crash: critical events in complex financial systems. Princeton University Press. Wickens, M., 2017. A Macroeconomic Perspective on the Greek Debt Crisis. InPolitical Economy Perspectives on the Greek Crisis(pp. 157-175). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.